Caring for Patients The Canadian Bioethics Companion. INTRODUCTIONIn any discussion of bioethics a good place to begin is at the beginning with a discussion of the relationship between the players or stakeholders. In the most fundamental terms, health care involves providers and the institutions they are affiliated with, and health care consumers. The doctor patient relationship is the term of art often used in bioethics to capture that relationship which exists between care providers and patients. The doctor patient relationship, as a concept, is integrated and woven into the fabric of ethical theorythe relationship between a health care provider and his or her patient is the essence of the rich bioethical theory that has been evolving since the 1. Much has been written about intricacies of the relationship between a health care provider and his or her patient defining what it means to respect patients, balancing principles such as autonomy beneficence and distributive justice, and the opinions and arguments that support or enhance these understandings. This text embarks with an assumption that the reader has a basic understanding in many of these topics. In keeping with the scope of this text, this is not a discussion of moral theory and the principles of ethics, but rather an examination of the concepts that derive from these such as informed consent, capacity, truth telling, and confidentiality. More accurately, it is an examination of the manifestation of the doctor patient relationship in Canada, and it is a discussion of these derivative concepts in a Canadian context. This chapter is less about the doctor patient relationship per se, and more about how ethical concepts shape the way Canadian health care providers relate to their patients. Activar Pdf Architect Full Scale. That is, it is a discussion about how these ethical concepts are actualized and how contentious issues are managed in the Canadian health care system. Many other topics follow from this initial contemplation of the provider patient relationship, and these topics will resurface in the remaining chapters of this text. A small digression is necessary a digression which may enhance understanding by introducing a theme which frequently arises in this text, the comparison of Canadian and American experiences and understanding. Throughout the developed worldand for the sake of this discourse, in Canada and the United States in particularthere is some broad consensus and homogeneity of moral understanding. American and Canadian cultures have been shaped by similar philosophical and religious input. Americans and Canadians are of roughly the same socioeconomic make up and are governed by well functioning democracies, and law and order administered by tightly run legal systems that are relatively free of corruption. Canada and the US are similar in the very fact that they are culturally diverse. But despite all their similarities, these two countries are different in many significant ways, and although proximity and socio political similarity often invites an assumption of congruence in many other spheres, it is important to recognize and garner an understanding of the salient differences. These facts, too, are not the focus of this chapter but must be acknowledged at the outset because the Canadian bioethics climate has been largely shaped, informed, and has evolved alongside the American bioethics scene. While this is true, one must not make assumptions about the nature of Canadian bioethics as being necessarily or entirely congruent with American bioethics, there are differences, some obvious and some not, but where pertinent, they will be revealed herein. Cultural values, law and government shape the bioethics discourse and practice of a nation, and it is much more these considerations that contribute to differences between nations than differences in the moral makeup of nations. Canada has its own cultural values and identity, and its own governance, and these do distinctively define just how a health care provider is to interact with his or her patient. A number of the elements of this concept will be discussed. The manner in which health care providers are to behave is set out in codes of ethics and an examination of these will be briefly discussed. The principle of respect for autonomy in bioethical theory is quite similar in many nations but in legislation and in the governance of health care this principle is interpreted uniquely by each nation some of the similarities and peculiarities of the Canadian system will be discussed. Flowing from this unique interpretation of autonomy come some important differences in the way informed consent is understood, the way a patients decisional capacity is conceived, and the way in which surrogate decision making is performed. These topics will receive detailed treatment. Gilmore Sans Font. CODIFIED ETHICS TO LAW AND POLICYA reasonable first step in understanding the relationship between care providers and their patients is an examination of codified ethics and the formal legal instruments that govern such relationships in Canada. That is, a sharper understanding of the ethics of caring for patients could be had by first understanding the formal instruments and documents that are intended as explicit guides and rulebooks to direct care givers in behaving ethically. It is difficult, at best, to codify ethical behaviour. Ontario Drivers License Restriction Codes WashingtonGenerally speaking there can be two approaches a code can be effective through its breadth by being comprehensive, in depth, and intricate or it can be broad in its simplicity in portraying very robust general terms. A comparison of the American Medical Association AMA Code of Ethics and the Canadian Medical Association CMA Code of Ethics. The AMA code is a 4. It is the latest version of a document that originated in 1. AMA Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs. It is an intricate and comprehensive document with prescriptive advice on all aspects of medical care and doctor patient relations. It is intended, and indeed used as, a resource for bioethical information far beyond the confines of the US and is a compilation of current bioethical thought, research and policy statements. The CMA code is a much different affair. What its four pages lack in volume they make up for in breadth and scope. It is a very general document that intends to represent the core values of the CMA, and an attempt to instil these in its members through its 5. The CMA Office for Ethics publishes many Policies and Guidelines, available in print and online. These are frequently updated and rewritten to reflect the latest research and legalpolitical climate. Ontario Drivers License Restriction Codes North' title='Ontario Drivers License Restriction Codes North' />These guidelines offer statements and positions on issues such as abortion, pandemic ethics, and physician assisted suicide. Ultimately this collection of documents represent what is encompassed in the one larger document put out by the AMA. Within Canada the medical profession is roughly divided between primary care physicians and specialty services. The latter are represented by The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada and ethical guidance issues from their extensive set of policy statements and guidelines. Summary The relatively modest global and domestic economy growth in 2016 translated in lower transportation demand for key Canadian commodities. Kaspersky lab end user license agreement. Does the Bible contain hate Making the case that the Bible contains hate literature. Sponsored link. See also our Bible as hate literature menu for a link to an. Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Easily share your publications and get. The US State Departments office in South Korea has not immediately returned Gizmodos request for comment. We will update this post when they do. 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